Glossary

The U.CASH glossary

66 terms, A to Z: the assets, the rails, the standards, and the principles behind non-custodial settlement. Each definition ends with how U.CASH applies it and where to go next.

Address poisoning

Address poisoning is a scam where an attacker sends a dust transaction from a lookalike a…

Allowlist (transfer eligibility)

An allowlist is a transfer rule enforced at the token level: addresses on the list may ho…

AML

Anti-money-laundering rules require businesses that move money to know their customers, m…

Atomic swap

An atomic swap completes both legs of a trade or none of them. The mechanism (hash time-l…

Batch payout

A batch payout is many transfers submitted as one operation: a payroll run, a marketplace…

Batch send

A batch send disperses one balance to many recipients in a single on-chain transaction: a…

Block explorer

A block explorer is the read interface to a blockchain: paste an address, transaction, or…

Bridge

A bridge moves assets between blockchains. The canonical pattern locks or burns the asset…

Buyer reference

A buyer reference is the identifier a payer puts on a bank-rail transfer so the recipient…

CBDC vs stablecoin

A central bank digital currency is the sovereign liability version of a token: the centra…

Chargebacks vs crypto finality

A chargeback is a card payment unwound after the fact: the cardholder disputes, the netwo…

Checkout embed

A checkout embed is payment infrastructure as a drop-in: a snippet or component that rend…

Cold wallet

A cold wallet is key storage that has never touched a network: keys generated and held on…

Confirmation policy

A confirmation policy is the rule for when a blockchain payment counts as paid: how many…

Cross-chain swap

A cross-chain swap trades asset A on chain X for asset B on chain Y in one flow: the trad…

DEX

A decentralized exchange trades assets on-chain against liquidity pools rather than throu…

DEX routing

DEX routing is the machinery that turns 'I want A for B' into the cheapest legal path thr…

ERC-20

ERC-20 is the token standard of Ethereum and every EVM chain: a common interface (transfe…

Fiat on-ramp

A fiat on-ramp is the bridge from traditional money to crypto: card or bank in, token out…

Fiat peg

A fiat peg is a commitment to hold a token's price to a national currency: one token, one…

Freeze authority

Freeze authority is the on-chain power to halt a token's transfers for a given account or…

Gas fees

Gas is the price of changing a blockchain's state: every transfer, swap, and mint bids fo…

Hot wallet

A hot wallet holds keys on a connected device: a browser extension, a phone, a server. Co…

HTTP 402

HTTP 402 is 'Payment Required': a status code the web specified in the 1990s and never us…

ISIN

The International Securities Identification Number: a twelve-character code that uniquely…

KYC and eligibility gates

Know-your-customer is the identity layer regulated finance requires: who holds what, veri…

Layer 2

A Layer 2 is a network that settles to another chain (the Layer 1) while executing transa…

Lightning Network

Lightning is Bitcoin's second layer for instant payments: channels between parties hold f…

Liquidity pool

A liquidity pool is a smart contract holding two (or more) assets that anyone can trade a…

Mempool

The mempool is the waiting room: transactions broadcast to the network but not yet in a b…

Merchant account

A merchant account is the bank-side account a business needs to take card payments: the b…

Mint authority

Mint authority is the power to create new units of a token. On networks with program-leve…

Multisig

A multisig wallet requires several keys to agree before funds move: two of three, three o…

Non-custodial

A non-custodial service moves value without ever holding it: the platform routes, matches…

Off-ramp

An off-ramp is the bridge back: crypto in, bank money out. On-ramps get the headlines, bu…

Oracle (price feed)

An oracle is the pipe between the chain and the world outside it: a price feed, a sports…

Payment link

A payment link is a URL that is an invoice: open it and the payment surface is there, amo…

Payment processor

A payment processor is the company that moves card transactions for you: authorization, s…

Payment rail

A payment rail is the plumbing that moves value from a payer to a payee: ACH and SWIFT be…

Point of sale

Point of sale is where the customer pays in person: historically the till, now any screen…

Pre-IPO token

A pre-IPO token tracks the value of shares in a private company held by a Special Purpose…

Price feed

A price feed is the stream of prices that a tokenized asset, a checkout, or a settlement…

Proof of stake

Proof of stake secures a chain by making validators lock value (stake) that is slashed if…

Reconciliation

Reconciliation is matching money that arrived to the invoice, order, or ledger line it be…

Seed phrase

A seed phrase is the master key in human form: twelve or twenty-four words from which a w…

Settlement finality

Settlement finality is the moment a payment stops being reversible: the state where the m…

Signed webhook

A webhook is the server-to-server tap on the shoulder: when an event happens, payment see…

Slippage

Slippage is the gap between the price you were quoted and the price you got: your own tra…

Smart contract

A smart contract is a program deployed on a chain that anyone can call and no one can uni…

Special purpose vehicle (SPV)

A special purpose vehicle is a legal entity created for one narrow job: in tokenized asse…

SPL token

SPL token is the original token standard of the Solana blockchain: the equivalent of ERC-…

Stablecoin

A stablecoin is a token engineered to hold the price of a reference asset, almost always…

Stablecoin peg family

A peg family is the set of tokens that track the same reference: the ten USD tokens, the…

Testnet

A testnet is the dress rehearsal: the same rules, the same tooling, tokens worth nothing,…

Token mint and mint authority

Minting is issuance: the act that brings new tokens into existence, recorded on-chain, au…

Token standard

A token standard is the interface contract every token on a chain follows: ERC-20 on EVM…

Token-2022 (SPL)

Token-2022 is Solana's programmable token standard: everything the classic SPL token does…

Tokenized gold

Tokenized gold is a token that represents a claim on allocated physical gold held in a va…

Tokenized silver

Tokenized silver is a claim on allocated silver in vaults that trades as a blockchain tok…

Tokenized stock

A tokenized stock is a blockchain token that tracks the price of an equity share: Apple a…

TRC-20

TRC-20 is the token standard of Tron: the EVM-style interface (Tron's virtual machine is…

UTXO

The unspent transaction output is Bitcoin's accounting atom: coins exist as discrete outp…

Web3 name

A web3 name is a human-readable address for a wallet: you.u instead of 0x7f3a9c...42f1. N…

White-label checkout

A white-label checkout is a payment flow that runs on a platform's machinery but presents…

Wrapped token

A wrapped token is an asset represented on a chain it was not born on: Bitcoin locked in…

xpub

An extended public key is the watch-only half of a hierarchical wallet: from one xpub, a…